Energy
A sustainable building is the outcome of a design, which focuses on increasing the efficiency of the used resources:
- energy and water
- daylight in terms of energy savings
- indoor climate
- materials
That means reducing the building's impact on human health and the environment during its lifecycle through better design, construction, operation, maintenance and removal.
Energy efficiency needs to be incorporated into the very design of the building and natural available resources, such as the sun and wind, should be exploited to a maximum. For instance, windows should be considered as energy contributors. They should be placed at strategic locations to allow for solar heat gain and optimum natural ventilation.
Approx. 40% CO2 reduction:
NCC Danmark Construction A/S has performed the calculations.
Solar collectors on the roof for production of hot water for the new attic flats. The VELUX solar heating system provides the building with environment-friendly technology. The innovative solar collectors will harvest solar energy for heating of utility water. This means money saved on the heating bill. A VELUX solar heating system can heat up to 70% of the utility water in the house. The system helps to reduce both the CO2-footprint and the cost of fuel.
The VELUX solar collectors look like VELUX roof windows from the outside.
They are installed in the roof where they will catch the sunrays. The sunrays will heat a liquid, which will pass down through the hot-water tank and give off the heat to the utility water. Then the liquid will run back to the solar collector to be heated again etc. This is how simple the system is – and it reduces the energy costs year after year.
Solar cells on the roof will transform sunrays to 230 V as found in the electric outlets, entirely without mobile parts, smoke, noise and dirt. With a solar electricity system connected to the current network you can store the energy from a nice sunny day for nights and overcast days.
A system for collection of the sunrays must be dimensioned according to the requirement to be used optimally. The electricity produced by a solar system is similar to the electricity produced by the ordinary supplier and can technically be sent out in the existing distribution network, which will then be the storage facility.
The solar system will produce electricity to the new attic flats, for underfloor heating in the existing bathrooms, for the laundry and maybe for the lifts.
Rainwater system will be installed to en-able collection of rainwater in a rainwater lake so the water can be used for various purposes, e.g. for machine washing of clothes in the communal laundry and for flushing of toilets. You will avoid calcium deposits as rainwater is soft water. Actually, when it comes to calcium content you will get a water quality better than portable water. By using rainwater for laundry the amount of detergent needed will be reduced which leads to less allergic problems.
Energy
A sustainable building is the outcome of a design, which focuses on increasing the efficiency of the used resources:
- energy and water
- daylight in terms of energy savings
- indoor climate
- materials
That means reducing the building's impact on human health and the environment during its lifecycle through better design, construction, operation, maintenance and removal.
Energy efficiency needs to be incorporated into the very design of the building and natural available resources, such as the sun and wind, should be exploited to a maximum. For instance, windows should be considered as energy contributors. They should be placed at strategic locations to allow for solar heat gain and optimum natural ventilation.
Approx. 40% CO2 reduction:
NCC Danmark Construction A/S has performed the calculations.
Solar collectors on the roof for production of hot water for the new attic flats. The VELUX solar heating system provides the building with environment-friendly technology. The innovative solar collectors will harvest solar energy for heating of utility water. This means money saved on the heating bill. A VELUX solar heating system can heat up to 70% of the utility water in the house. The system helps to reduce both the CO2-footprint and the cost of fuel.
The VELUX solar collectors look like VELUX roof windows from the outside.
They are installed in the roof where they will catch the sunrays. The sunrays will heat a liquid, which will pass down through the hot-water tank and give off the heat to the utility water. Then the liquid will run back to the solar collector to be heated again etc. This is how simple the system is – and it reduces the energy costs year after year.
Solar cells on the roof will transform sunrays to 230 V as found in the electric outlets, entirely without mobile parts, smoke, noise and dirt. With a solar electricity system connected to the current network you can store the energy from a nice sunny day for nights and overcast days.
A system for collection of the sunrays must be dimensioned according to the requirement to be used optimally. The electricity produced by a solar system is similar to the electricity produced by the ordinary supplier and can technically be sent out in the existing distribution network, which will then be the storage facility.
The solar system will produce electricity to the new attic flats, for underfloor heating in the existing bathrooms, for the laundry and maybe for the lifts.
Rainwater system will be installed to en-able collection of rainwater in a rainwater lake so the water can be used for various purposes, e.g. for machine washing of clothes in the communal laundry and for flushing of toilets. You will avoid calcium deposits as rainwater is soft water. Actually, when it comes to calcium content you will get a water quality better than portable water. By using rainwater for laundry the amount of detergent needed will be reduced which leads to less allergic problems.
Indoor climate
Natural daylight
Great consideration has to be given to the well-being of the inhabitants in the new flats in the attic. To optimize daylight conditions and help create spatial variation, roof windows will be placed both at the ordinary height above the floor and in a high position in the roof to bring daylight to both levels of the apartments through the opening around the staircases.
A specialized analysis of the daylight in the new apartments has been performed. It shows that the inhabitants will be living in
a comfortable and even level of daylight.
Facts
The daylighting performance of Gullandsgården has been specified using the daylight factor (DF) as performance indicator.
The daylight factor is a common and easy to use measure for the available amount of daylight in a room. It expresses the percentage of daylight available in the interiors, on a work plane, compared to the amount of daylight available at the exterior of the building under known overcast sky conditions. The higher the DF, the more daylight is available in the room. Rooms with an average DF of 2% or more are considered daylit. A room will appear strongly daylit when the average DF is above 5%.
The daylight factor analysis has been performed using computer simulations in Radiance. The figures show the daylight factor levels obtained on each floor for 2 different variants evaluating the impact of the installed roof windows in the finalized design.
The results comparison shows the positive effects of adding roof windows on the daylight conditions of the first floor. The roof windows deliver high levels of daylight in the centre part of the room.
The use of roof windows also contributes to raise the daylight levels on the lower floor via a new opening in the existing structural floor situated below the skylights where the new stairway is located.
Daylight factor
| Plan of existing apartment |
Daylight factor performance. Type D1.
3rd floor.
View of existing apartment. |
 Daylight factor
| Plan of new apartment |
Daylight factor performance. Type D1.
3rd floor.
View of new appartment in two floors. |
 Indoor climate
Natural daylight
Natural daylight contributes to making the new attic flats in Gullandsgården special. They have been designed with a view to optimal daylight conditions, which ensure not only a very pleasant and balanced daylight, but also an indoor climate that affects the people living there in a positive and active way.
Especially the new two-storey flats benefit from this as the daylight floods though the penetration of the floor and down into the otherwise dark living room on the first floor of the new flats.
The natural daylight is not only good for the health and adds to the well-being of the residents, but it is also good for their economy. Natural daylight helps save electricity costs as less artificial lighting is required.
The stairways are unheated and used to be dark, but now a new insulated wall has been set up along the façade and larger windows have been installed both in the façade and in the roof. The stairways are going to remain unheated, but the new insulation and the solar heat gain especially through the roof windows will help heat the room. At the same time the new windows will help light the stairways and make them lighter and more inviting.
Windows placed both high and low light both storeys of the new two-storey flats through the penetration of the floor where the internal stairs connects the two levels. Indoor climate
Natural daylight
Natural daylight contributes to making the new attic flats in Gullandsgården special. They have been designed with a view to optimal daylight conditions, which ensure not only a very pleasant and balanced daylight, but also an indoor climate that affects the people living there in a positive and active way.
Especially the new two-storey flats benefit from this as the daylight floods though the penetration of the floor and down into the otherwise dark living room on the first floor of the new flats.
The natural daylight is not only good for the health and adds to the well-being of the residents, but it is also good for their economy. Natural daylight helps save electricity costs as less artificial lighting is required.
The stairways are unheated and used to be dark, but now a new insulated wall has been set up along the façade and larger windows have been installed both in the façade and in the roof. The stairways are going to remain unheated, but the new insulation and the solar heat gain especially through the roof windows will help heat the room. At the same time the new windows will help light the stairways and make them lighter and more inviting.
Windows placed both high and low light both storeys of the new two-storey flats through the penetration of the floor where the internal stairs connects the two levels. Indoor climate
Ventilation
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Section of the two-storey flat
showing the stack effect. |
Natural ventilation Bad buildings with poor ventilation can affect people’s health and an increasing number of people are suffering from allergy and asthma. If the building is like a closed box, it cannot »breathe« and this affects the living conditions of the users negatively. Natural ventilation will change this. Natural ventilation will actively free the building from humid air and harmful particles will be led actively out of the house, which will, consequently, always feel fresh and inviting. The built-in VELUX ventilation flap helps to ventilate the room without having to leave the window open.
If the roof windows are installed high up in the roof it is, furthermore, possible to ventilate the house in a few minutes by use of the so called stack effect.
If the roof window is opened simultaneously with a façade window, the air will be changed in no time. The building will stay warm as by and large all thermal energy is stored in the building materials. The heat loss through the ventilation flap is to a large extent counterbalanced by the energy contribution from the roof window itself – and dry air is cheaper to heat than humid air.
Natural ventilation is planned for the new attic storeys to air the flats sufficiently to the benefit of the overall healthiness of the house.
With a complete renovation of the building envelope of an old house, you go from leaking to very tight. This increases the need of ventilation in the individual flats. Ventilation is especially important when it comes to humidity, which apart from being a breeding ground for house dust mites, increases the risk of fungus, rot, etc. Environment
Neighbourhood renewal
For several years, Sundholmsvej neighbourhood on Amager has been characterised by substantial social problems. Therefore, several efforts are needed and across housing associations and departments. On this background, Gullandsgården, which is administered by DAB, has on behalf of all social housing in the area, applied for means from the 2008/9 pool of "Landsbyggefonden" for a common effort for social housing under the headline 'Family life and Network'.
The unified plan has the general purpose to start a process of change in the neighbourhood so it will be a safer place to live where people will thrive and increased local and personal powers of action will be added. The target is also to change the neighbourhood image so people will live there by choice and not because it is their only possibility.
With this general target, the unified plan helps to support the objectives of the social services department of the Municipality of Copenhagen to promote integration of socially vulnerable citizens into their neighbourhood and society, to avoid crime and increase the feeling of safety among the citizens as well as improve the neighbourhood image.
The Municipality of Copenhagen, VELUX, The Ecological Council and NCC agree that the project "Task-force for CO2-neutrality in the Sundholmsvej neighbourhood" must play together with the neighbourhood renewal in the same quarter. A declared objective of the neighbourhood renewal is to contribute to a sustainable development of the area including preparation of the establishment of a CO² neutral neighbourhood in close cooperation with the work of the task-force.
The job of the task-force has been to identify the specific energy aspects, but at the same to focus on making the solutions into an entity. First and foremost the entity made up of the neighbourhood renewal of this part of town. Secondly, the society as a whole. How can the solutions contribute to making money, creating a better environment and giving people good living conditions.
Future-orientation of the houses:
To attract resourceful citizens to the social housing districts of Copenhagen, it is necessary to modernize the buildings currently. An investigation by a municipal research institute is, however, pointing at the following facts as important for future-orientation of social housing:
- Housing areas with several different types of housing with space for every-body, old and young, singles, couples, families with children, are working best.
- Good balconies, gardens and communal areas increase the time spent outdoors, strengthen social life and improve solidarity and safety.
- It must be possible for everybody to move freely around the housing area, and today level access and lifts are demanded for all new building.
- The housing must be light and spacious.
- Kitchen and bathroom must be highly functional and great importance must be attached to comfort and indoor climate.
- The housing must live up to the latest requirements for technology such as e.g. internet access.
By increasing the number of flats in Gullands-gården with new ones that are different in sizes and forms than the existing ones, it will be possible to get a broader mixture of tenants. It has, therefore, been decided that in some of the blocks two-storey flats will be established (where the upper storey will be in the attic and accessible by internal stairs).
In the attic of other blocks, small one-storey flats will be established. This will accommodate both young people, singles, couples, families with children and old people.
Lifts will be installed where it is considered necessary.
Indoor climate, energy and environment are three facts of great importance for the health and comfort of the tenants.
Consequently, it is of utmost importance that the renovation solutions chosen will consider the health and comfort of the tenants in the best possible way.
VELUX Products
used in Gullandsgården
VELUX creates better homes with daylight and fresh air through the roof. Our product range contains a wide range of roof windows and skylights, along with solutions for flat roofs. In addition, VELUX offers many types of decoration and sunscreening, roller shutters, installation products, products for remote control and thermal solar collectors for installation in roofs. The VELUX Group, which has manufacturing companies in 10 countries and sales companies in just under 40 countries, is one of the strongest brands in the global building materials sector and its products are sold in most parts of the world.
The Group has around 9,000 employees, of which approx. 3,000 are based in Denmark. The VELUX Group is owned by VKR Holding. VKR Holding is a limited company wholly owned by family and foundations. The main shareholders are the charitable VELUX foundations. For more details, visit
www.velux.com
Windows
VELUX Roof Windows - pivot hung.
Model GGL. Energy save. |
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Cabrio in combination with roof window and fixed window
VELUX Cabrio Roof Balcony.
Model GDL. Energy save.
VELUX Roof Windows - pivot hung.
Model GGL. Safety/energy save.
VELUX Bottom - sloping elements.
Model GIL. Safety/energy save. |
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Solar panels
VELUX solar collectors for hot water supply.
Model CLI. |
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Gullandsgården
Amager, Copenhagen, Denmark
Participants The Municipality of Copenhagen, The Technical and Environmental Administration Områdeløftssekretariatet (The secretariat for neighbourhood renewal) Dansk Almennyttigt Boligselskab – DAB (Danish Social Housing Association) Gullandsgården Copenhagen Energy The Ecological Council TAC A/S NCC Construction Danmark A/S VELFAC A/S Rockwool A/S Rockpanel A/S WindowMaster A/S VELUX A/S
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